!M35| 


MANUAL 


BOSTON: 
CROSBY   AND    NICHOLS", 

117   WASHINGTON   STKEET. 
NEW   YORK:    OLIVER  S.   FELT. 


GYMNASTIC    EXEECISES 


FOR  SCHOOLS  AND  FAMILIES. 


BY  SAMUEL  W.  MASON, 

MASTER  OF  THE   EL  OT   rtCHuOj ...    BOSTON. 


OF  THE 

UNIVERSITY 

OF 


MANUAL 


OP 


GYMNASTIC    EXERCISES 

FOR  SCHOOLS  AND  FAMILIES. 


BY  SAMUEL  W.  MASON, 

MASTER  OP  THE  ELIOT   SCHOOL,   BOSTON. 


"As  to  the  practicability  of  making  these  physical  exercises  a  part 
of  our  system  of  public  instruction,  I  entertain  no  doubt." 

JOHN  D.  PHILBBICK. 


FOURTH     EDITION. 


BOSTON: 

CROSBY    AND    NICHOLS. 

NEW    YORK:    O.   S.   FELT. 

1863. 


Entered  according  to  Act  of  Congress,  in  the  year  1862,  by     • 

CROSBY     AND     NICHOLS, 
in  the  Clerk's  Office  of  the  District  Court  of  the  District  of  Massachusetts. 


EDDCATIOH  LIBS* 


UNIVERSITY    PRESS: 

WELCH,    BIGKLOW,    AND    COMPANY, 

CAMBRIDGE. 


N(  55 


AT  the  solicitation  of  many  teachers  who  have 
desired  to  introduce  into  their  schools  a  symmetrical 
and  systematic  series  of  Gymnastic  exercises,  this 
Manual,  consisting  merely  of  practical  exercises,  has 
been  prepared. 

The  utility  and  practicability  of  physical  exer- 
cises in  our  schools  are  becoming  more  and  more 
evident. 

No  attempt  has  been  made  to  describe  the  physi- 
ological effect  of  the  different  positions  ;  the  book 
being  merely  what  it  purports  to  be,  a  Manual  of 
Exercises,  so  arranged  that  pupils  can  perform  them, 
changing  from  one  position  to  another  in  exact  time, 
without  dictation  from  the  teacher. 

The  exercises  are  such  as  have  been  practised  in 
this  school,  with  much  pleasure  and  profit,  the  past 
two  years.  They  are  arranged  in  the  order  in 
which  they  have  been  performed;  one  position  fol- 

M5770S8 


IV  PREFACE. 

lowing  another  easily  and  naturally.  The  first  series 
can  be  practised  as  a  whole,  including  both  sitting 
and  standing  positions,  or  any  part  of  them  taken 
consecutively,  as  the  teacher  may  choose. 

Pupils  take  much  more  interest  and  delight  in 
physical  exercises,  when  they  know  how  many  times 
each  position  is  to  be  taken,  when  to  change  to  an- 
other position,  and  what  that  position  is  to  be ;  and 
it  is  certainly  easier  and  more  pleasant  for  the 
teacher. 

Music  will  add  much  to  the  interest  and  utility  of 
the  exercises.  The  first  series  can  be  taken  to  such 
tunes  as  « Glory  Hallelujah,"  "  Hail  Columbia," 
"  Yankee  Doodle,"  or  any  tune  of  marked  measure. 
Keep  pupils  cheerful ;  let,  or  even  make,  them  laugh, 
and  enjoy  the  exercises  as  much  as  possible.  The 
exercises  are  taken  uniformly  three  times  each ;  viz. 
right  member,  three  times ;  left,  three  times  ;  both, 
three  times ;  alternate,  three  times  each.  They  can 
be  extended  by  increasing  the  number  of  times  each 
position  is  taken. 

I  have  been  induced  to  write  out  the  exercises 
used  in  this  school  solely  from  the  desire  to  hasten 
if  possible  the  introduction  of  gymnastic,  or  calis- 
thenic  training  into  our  public  schools,  feeling  that 


PREFACE.  V 

i*t 

it  was  not  from  the  want  of  positions  or  works  on 
gymnastics  that  physical  exercises  are  not  generally 
introduced  into  our  schools,  but  because  teachers 
have  not  the  time  or  inclination  to  select,  from  the 
detached  illustrations  and  explanations  in  books  al- 
ready published,  a  symmetrical  series  of  positions 
which  should  be  interesting  and  profitable. 

Having  selected  from  various  sources  positions  as 
they  have  appeared  in  detached  illustrations,  and 
added  new  ones,  I  have  arranged  them  so  that  one 
position  naturally  follows  another,  both  pleasant  to 
the  eye  of  the  spectator,  and  agreeable,  easy,  and 
profitable  to  the  pupil.  I  submit  these  exercises  to 
the  judgment  of  teachers,  as  they  have  borne  the 
best  of  all  tests,  actual  trial  in  the  school-room; 
hoping  that,  if  these  exercises  are  not  adopted,  other 
and  more  varied  ones  will  be,  and  that  physical 
exercises  will  be  practised  in  all  our  schools,  and 
that  we  may  be  able  "  to  turn  out "  from  our 
schools  better  specimens  of  a  noble  race. 

S.  W.  M. 

ELIOT  SCHOOL,  BOSTON,  Oct.  11,  1862. 


MAN  UAL. 


SITTING    POSITIONS. 

1.  Sit  erect  with  arms  folded. 

2.  Body  thrown  forward  with  folded  arms  on  desk. 

3.  Arms  extended  on  desk  in  front  parallel. 

4.  Sit   erect,   shoulders  thrown   back  with   arms 

hanging  by  side. 

5.  Head  resting  on  right  hand  with  right  elbow 

on  desk. 

6.  Head  resting  on  left  hand  with  left  elbow  on 

desk. 

7.  Head  resting  on  both  hands  with  both  elbows 

on  desk. 

8.  Head  resting  on  both  hands  with  hands  on  desk. 

9.  Sit  erect,  shoulders  down,  elbows  thrown  back 

as  far  as  possible,  with  forearm  horizontal, 
hands  tightly  closed. 

10.  Right   arm   thrown  horizontally  in  front  and 

back  to  position  9  three  times. 

11.  Left  arm  thrown  horizontally  in  front  and  back 

to  position  9  three  times. 


8  GYMNASTIC  EXERCISES. 

12.  Both  arms  thrown  horizontally  and  parallel  in 

front  and  back  to  position  9  three  times. 

13.  Hands  thrown  forward  in  front,  alternately,  and 

back  to  position  9,  three  times  each. 

14.  Both  arms  extended  horizontally  and  parallel 

in  front. 

15.  Twist   arms  as  in  boring  with  gimlet,  hands 

tightly  closed,  three  times. 

16.  Open  and  close  hands  three  times. 

17.  Strike  hands  together  three  times. 

18.  Arms  in  front,  forearm  perpendicular,  upper 

arm  horizontal. 

19.  Right  arm  perpendicular  and  back  to  position 

18  three  times. 

20.  Left  arm  perpendicular  and  back  to  position  18 

three  times. 

21.  Both  arms  perpendicular  and  back  to  position 

18  three  times. 

22.  Arms  alternately  perpendicular  and  back  to 

position  18  three  times. 

23.  Both  arms  perpendicular. 

24.  Twist  arms  as  in  15,  arms  perpendicular. 

25.  Hands  together  over  head  three  times. 

26.  Hands  upon  each  other  on  top  of  head. 

27.  Right  arm  up  sidewise  at  an  angle  of  45°  and 

back  to  position  26  three  times. 

28.  Left  arm  up  sidewise  at  an  angle  of  45°  and 

back  to  position  26  three  times. 

29.  Both  arms  up  sidewise  at  an  angle  of  45°  and 

back  to  position  26  three  times. 


SITTING   POSITIONS.  9 

30.  Arms  up  alternately  sidewise  at  an  angle  of  45° 

and  back  to  position  26  three  times. 

31.  Both  arms  extended  up  at  an  angle  of  45°. 

32.  Snap  fingers. 

33.  Strike  hands  together  over  head  three  times. 

34.  Sit  erect,  arms  folded,  as  in  No.  1. 

35.  Sit  erect,  arms  folded,  right  face. 

36.  Stand. 

37.  Stand  erect,  arms  folded,  left  face. 

The  pupil  is  now  ready  to  commence  the  standing 
positions  without  interruption,  or  the  standing  posi- 
tions may  be  taken  as  a  separate  exercise,  as  they 
must  be,  unless  pupils  are  in  the  school-room  with 
desks. 


10  GYMNASTIC   EXERCISES. 


STANDING    POSITIONS. 

1.  At  the  command,  Position,  the  pupil  will  stand 

with  heels  on  the  same  line,  feet  .turned  out 
equally,  forming  with  each  other  an  angle  of 
45° ;  the  knees  straight ;  body  erect ;  shoul- 
ders square  and  falling  equally ;  arms  hang- 
ing naturally  by  side  ;  elbows  near  the  body ; 
the  palm  of  the  hands  turned  a  little  to  the 
front ;  head  erect ;  eyes  looking  directly  for- 
ward ;  thus  bringing  the  ear,  shoulders,  hip, 
knee,  and  ankle  into  a  straight  line.  Pig.  1. 
The  head,  body,  and  feet  should  be  kept  in 
this  position  throughout  the  exercises  unless 
otherwise  ordered. 

2.  Strike  chest  with  closed  hands.     Fig.  2  (d). 

3.  Arms  extended  horizontally  sidewise.     Fig.  2 

(c). 

4.  Same  as  in  No.  2.    Fig.  2  (d). 

5.  Arms  extended  perpendicularly.     Fig.  2  (6). 

6.  Same  as  in  No.  2.    Fig.  2  (d). 

7.  Arms  extended  horizontally  and  parallel  in  front. 

Fig.  8  (b). 

8.  Same  as  in  No.  2.     Fig.  2  (d). 

Repeat  the  preceding  positions  three  times. 


STANDING   POSITIONS. 


11 


Fig.  1. 


Fig.  2. 


These  positions  will  serve  to  unite  many 
other  positions  ;  hence  they  will  often  be 
referred  to  and  repeated.  Always  perform 
them  with  full  lungs. 
9.  Position  as  in  No.  1.  Pig.  1. 
10.  Right  arm  up  and  back  to  No.  9  three  times 
in  four  motions,  viz.  :  first,  elbow  at  hip 
with  closed  hand  at  shoulder,  back  of  hand 
in  front,  Fig.  3  (a)  ;  second,  arm  thrown 
up  perpendicularly,  Fig.  3  (b)  ;  third,  hand 
brought  to  shoulder,  same  as  first,  Fig.  3  (a) ; 
fourth,  by  turning  thumb  towards  the  body, 
throw  the  hand  down  close  to  the  body,  as 


12 


GYMNASTIC   EXERCISES. 


Fig.  3. 


Fig.  4. 


far  as  possible  without  lowering  the  shoulder. 
Fig.  3  (c). 

11.  Left  arm  up  three  times  in  four  motions,  like 

right  arm  in  No.  10.     Fig.  3. 

12.  Both  arms  together,  up  three  times  in  four  mo- 

tions, like  right  arm  in  No.  10.    Fig.  3. 

13.  Arms  up  alternately  three  times  each,  as  in 

No.  10.     Fig.  3. 

14.  Position  No.  1.    Fig.  1. 

15.  Right  shoulder  up  three  times.     Fig.  4. 

16.  Left  shoulder  up  three  times.     Fig.  4. 

17.  Both  shoulders  up  three  times.     Fig.  4. 

18.  Shoulders    up  alternately,   three  times  each. 

Fig.  4. 


STANDING   POSITIONS. 


13 


19.  Same  as  No.  1.    Pig.  1. 

20.  Hands  on  chest,  as  in  No.  2.     Fig.  2  (d). 

21.  Arms    extended   horizontally  sidewise,   as    in 

No.  3.     Fig.  2  (c). 

22.  Twist  arms  three  times,  as  in  boring  with   a 

gimlet.     Fig.  5. 


26. 


27. 


Fig.  5. 


Fig.  6. 


23.  Open  and  close  hands  three  times. 

24.  Same  as  No.  1.     Fig.  ].. 

25.  With  closed  hands  strike  chest,  as  in  No.  2. 

Fig.  2  (d). 
Arms    extended    horizontally  sidewise,   as   in 

No.  3.     Fig.  2  (c). 
Hands  on  chest,  as  in  No.  25.     Fig.  2  (d). 


28.   Arms  extended  perpendicularly.     Fig.  2  (b). 


14 


GYMNASTIC   EXERCISES. 


Fig  7 


STANDING  POSITIONS.  15 

29.  Twist  arms  three  times. 

30.  Open  and  close  hands  three  times. 

31.  Strike  hands  together  over  head  three  times. 

32.  Fingers   on  top  of  shoulders,  arms   sidewise. 

Fig.  7  (a). 

33.  Right  arm  perpendicular,  and  back  to  No.  32, 

three  times.    Fig.  7  (b). 

34.  Left  arm  perpendicular,  and  back  to  No.  32, 

three  times.     Fig.  7  (c). 

35.  Both  arms  together  perpendicular,  and  back  to 

No.  32,  three  times.     Fig.  7  (b  and  c). 

36.  Arms   alternately   perpendicular,  and  back  to 

No.  32,  three  times  each. 

37.  Fingers  on  shoulders,  same  as  in  No.  32.     Fig. 

7  (a). 

38.  Right  arm  horizontally  sidewise,  and  back  to 

No.  37,  three  times.     Fig.  7  (e). 

39.  Left  arm   horizontally   sidewise,  and  back  to 

No.  37,  three  times.     Fig.  7  (/). 

40.  Both  arms  together  horizontally  sidewise,  and 

back  to  No.  37,  three  times.    Figs.  7  (e  and/). 

41.  Arms    alternately    horizontally    sidewise,   and 

back  to  No.  37,  three  times  each.    Fig.  7. 

42.  Same  as  No.  1. 

43.  Same  as  No.  2.  Fig.  2  (d). 

44.  Same  as  No.  3.  Fig.  2  (c). 

45.  Same  as  No.  4.  Fig.  2  (d). 

46.  Sams  as  No.  5.  Fig.  2  (b). 

47.  Same  as  No.  6.  Fig.  2  (d). 


16  GYMNASTIC   EXERCISES. 

48.   Right  arm  horizontal  in  front,  and  back  to  No. 
47,  three  times.    Fig.  8. 


Fig.  8.  Kg.  9. 

49.  Left  arm  horizontal  in  front,  and  back  to  No. 

47,  three  times.    Fig.  8. 

50.  Both  arms  horizontal  in  front,  and  back  to  No. 

47,  three  times.    Fig.  8. 

51.  Arms  alternately  in  front,  and  back  to  No.  47, 

three  times  each.    Fig.  8. 

52.  Same  as  No.  1.    Fig.  1. 

53.  Hands  in  arm-pits.    Fig.  10. 

54.  Right  hand  thrown  down   as   far  as  possible 

without  lowering  the  shoulder,  and   back  to 
No.  53,  three  times.    Fig.  10  (a). 
65.  Left  hand  thrown  down  as  far  as  possible  with- 


STANDING   POSITIONS. 


17 


out  lowering  the  shoulder,  and  back  to  No. 
53,  three  times.    Fig.  10  (b). 


Fig.  10. 

56.  Both  hands  thrown  down  as  far  as  possible  with- 

out lowering  the  shoulder,  and  back  to  No. 
53,  three  times. 

57.  Hands  thrown  down  alternately  as  far  as  pos- 

sible, and  back  to  No.  53,  three  times  each. 

58.  Same  as  in  No.  1.    Fig.  1. 

Repeat  the  following  three  times. 

59.  Eight  hand  closed  at  shoulder,  as  in  No.  10. 

Fig.  3  (a). 

60.  Right  arm  in  front  horizontally.    Fig.  8  (b). 

61.  Same  as  in  59. 


62.  Right  arm  perpendicular. 

63.  Same  as  in  59. 

64.  Right  arm  horizontally  sidewise. 


Fig.  3  (b). 

Fig.  2  (c). 


18  GYMNASTIC   EXERCISES. 

65.  Same  as  in  59. 

66.  Right  hand  down.    Fig.  3  (c). 

Repeat  the  following  three  times. 

67.  Left  hand  same  as  right,  in  59. 

68.  "  "  "  60. 

69.  "  "  "  61. 

70.  "  "  "  62. 

71.  "  "  "  63. 

72.  "  "  "  64. 

73.  "  "  "  65. 

74.  "  "  "  66. 

Repeat  the  following  three  times. 

75.  Both  hands  together,  same  as  right  in  59. 

76.  "  "  "  "  60. 

77.  "  "  "  "  61. 

78.  "  "  "  "  62. 

79.  "  "  "  "  63. 

80.  "  "  "  "  64. 

81.  "  "  "  "  65. 

82.  ,  "  "  "  "      66. 

83.  Right  hand  as  in  59,  60,  61,  62,  63,  64,  65,  66, 

alternate  with 

84.  Left  hand  as  in  67,  68,  69,  70,  71,  72,  73,  74, 

three  times  each. 

85.  Same  as  in  No.  1,  Fig.  1. 

86.  Place    closed    hands  with   backs    against    the 

shoulders.     Fig.  11  (a). 

87.  Throw  right  hand  directly  in  front,  and  back  to 

No.  86,  three  times ;  arm  horizontal. 


STANDING   POSITIONS. 


19 


Fig.  11. 

88.  Throw  left  hand  directly  in  front,  and  back  to 

No.  86,  three  times ;  arm  horizontal. 

89.  Throw  both  hands  in  front,  and  back  to  No.  86, 

three  times  ;  arms  horizontal. 

90.  Arms  alternately  thrown  in  front,  and  back  to 

No.  86,  three  times  each ;  arms  horizontal. 

91.  Same  as  in  No  1. 

'92.    Same  as  in  No.  86.     Pig.  11  (a). 

93.  Throw  right  hand  sidewise,  and  back  to  92, 

three  times;  arm  horizontal.     Fig.  11  (c). 

94.  Throw  left  hand  sidewise,  and  back  to  92,  three 

times;  arm  horizontal.     Pig.  11  (c). 

95.  Throw  both  arms  together  sidewise,  and  back 

to  92,  three  times ;  arms  horizontal. 


20  GYMNASTIC  EXERCISES. 

96.  Hands  thrown  alternately  sidewise,  and  back  to 

92,  three  times  each. 

97.  Same  as  in  No.  1,  Fig.  1. 

98.  Same  as  86.    Fig.  11  (a). 

99.  Throw  right  hand  down,  and  back  to  86,  three 

times;  arm  straight  at  elbow.     Fig.  11  (b). 

100.  Throw  left  hand  down,  and  back  to  86,  three 

times  ;  straighten  arm  at  elbow.     Fig.  11  (b). 

101.  Both  hands  thrown  down,  and  back  to  86,  three 

times.     Fig.  11  (b). 

102.  Hands  thrown  down  alternately,  and  back  to 

86,  three  times. 

103.  Same  as  in  No.  1,  Fig.  1. 

104.  Same  as  86.    Fig.  11  (a). 

105.  Right  arm  perpendicular,  and  back  to  104, 

three  times.     Fig  11  (d). 

106.  Left  arm  perpendicular,  and  back  to  104,  three 

times.     Fig.  11  (d). 

107.  Both  arms  together  perpendicular,  and  back  to 

104,  three  times.    Fig.  11  (d). 

108.  Arms  alternately  perpendicular,  and  back  to 

104,  three  times  each.     Fig.  11  (d). 

109.  Same  as  No.  1,  Fig.  1. 

110.  Same  as  No.  2.    Fig.  2  (d). 

111.  "  «  3.  Fig.  2  (c). 

112.  "  "  4.  Fig.  2  (d). 

113.  "  "  5.  Fig.  2(6). 

114.  «  «  6.  Fig.  2  (d). 

115.  "  "  7.  Fig.  8  (b). 


STANDING  POSITIONS. 


21 


116.  Twist  arms  three  times  as  in  boring  with  gim- 

let ;  hands  tightly  closed. 

117.  Open  and  close  hands. 

118.  Strike  hands  together  in  front  three  times. 

119.  Same  as  in  No.  1,  Fig.  1. 


Fig.  12. 

120.  Right  arm  horizontally  sidewise,  and  back  to 

119,  three  times ;  hand  open  and  palm  down  : 
look  at  hand.     Fig.  12  (a). 

121.  Left  arm  three  times  like  the  right  in  120: 

look  at  hand.     Fig.  12  (b). 

122.  Both  arms  three  times  like  the  right  in  120. 

Fig.  12  (a  and  b). 

123.  Arms  alternately  sidewise  like  the  right  in  120, 

three  times  each :  look  at  hands. 


22 


GYMNASTIC   EXERCISES. 


124.  Same  as  No.  1,  Fig.  1. 

125.  Hands  together  over  head,  and  back  to  124, 
three  times.    Fig.  13. 


.-•"'  A-4  "*X 

// 


Fig.  13. 

Fig.  2  (d). 
Fig.  2  (c). 
Fig.  2  (d). 
Fig.  2  (6). 
Fig.  2  (d). 
Fig.  8  (b). 

132.  Strike  hands  together  in  front  three  times. 

133.  Right    arm   perpendicular;    left,  horizontal. 

Fig.  14. 

134.  Left   arm    perpendicular ;    right,  horizontal. 

Change  from  134  to  133  and  back,  three 
times. 


126.  Same  as  2. 

127.  "      "  3. 

128.  ' 

129.  ' 

130.  ' 

131.  ' 


"  4. 
«  5. 
"  6. 
"  7. 


STANDING  POSITIONS. 


23 


135.    Drop  right  arm,  leaving  left  perpendicular. 

T?!*™-     1  K 
Jbl2\   ID. 


Fig.  14. 


Fig.  15. 


136.  Left     arm     by     side,     right     perpendicular. 

Change  from  136  to   135   and  back,  three 
times. 

137.  Right  hand  six  inches   above  head,  left  six 

inches  before  chest.     Fig.  16. 

138.  Left  hand  six  inches   above  head,  right  six 

inches  before  chest.      Change  from  138  to 
137  and  back,  three  times. 

139.  Right  arm  horizontally  sidewise,  left  hand  on 

chest. 

140.  Left  arm  horizontally  sidewise,  right  hand  on 

chest.     Change  from  140  to  139  and  back, 
three  times. 


24 


GYMNASTIC   EXERCISES. 


Fig.  16. 


Fig.  17. 


Fig.  18. 


141.  Hands  on  hips ;  fingers  in  front.     Fig.  17. 

142.  Turn  head  to  right  three  times,  so  that  the 

chin  shall  be  over  right  shoulder.    Pig.  17  (a). 

143.  Turn  head  to  left  three  times,  so  that  chin 

shall  come  over  left  shoulder.     Fig.  17  (b). 

144.  Bend  head  to  right  three  times.     Do  not  raise 

the  shoulder.     Fig.  18  (b). 

145.  Bend  head  to  left  three  times.     Do  not  raise 

shoulder.     Fig.  18  (a). 

146.  Bend  head  back  three  times.     Fig.  19  (a). 

147.  Bend  head  forward  three  times.     Fig.  19  (b). 

148.  Bend  and  turn  head  to  right  three  times,  so 

that  you  can  see  your  heels  over  the  right 
shoulder. 


STANDING    POSITIONS. 


25 


149.  Bend  and  turn  head  to  left  three  times,  so  that 

you  can  see  your  heels  over  left  shoulder. 

150.  Turn  body  to  right  three  times.     Pig.  20. 

151.  Turn  body  to  the  left  three  times.     Fig.  20. 


Fig.  19. 


Fig.  20. 


Fig.  21. 


152.  Bend  body  to  right  three  times.     Fig.  21  (a). 

153.  Bend  body  to  left  three  times.     Fig.  21  (b). 

154.  Bend  body  backward  three  times.    Fig.  22  (a). 

155.  Bend  body  forward  three  times.     Fig.  22  (b). 

156.  Stand  on  tip-toe  and  sink  the  body  as  far  as 

possible,  without  touching  heels,  knees  close 
together,  rise  without  moving  hands  from 
hips,  or  touching  heels,  to  floor.  Fig.  23. 

The  preceding  exercises  are  supposed  to  be  taken, 

2 


26 


GYMNASTIC   EXERCISES 


Fig.  22. 


Fig.  23. 


the  pupil  standing  by  side  of  his  desk  in  the  school- 
room. Should  the  exercises  be  taken  out  of  the 
school-room,  arrange  the  pupils  in  lines,  so  that 
the  pupil  can  lay  his  hand  on  the  shoulders  of  the 
one  before  him  ;  shortest  in  front  ;  lines  close 
together.  Let  every  other  line  advance  one  half 
pace,  so  that  the  arms,  when  raised  horizontally 
sidewise,  shall  not  interfere  with  each  other.  The 
closer  the  pupils  are  together,  the  better  the  effect. 
The  tendency  of  all  the  exercises  should  be  to  exr 
pand  the  chest,  and  keep  the  shoulders  down  and 
back. 


AN  EXERCISE  IN  TRIPLE  MEASURE. 


27 


AN    EXERCISE 
ADAPTED  TO  ANY  TUNE  IN  TRIPLE  MEASURE. 

1.  Position.     Fig.  1. 

At  the  sound  of  the  bell,  snap  of  the  finger, 
nod  of  the  head,  or  any  signal  from  the 
teacher,  the  pupil  will  advance  right  foot 
three  paces,  of  a  foot  each,  body  resting  on 
the  left  foot. 

2.  Fill  lungs,  and  bring  hands,  closed,  energeti- 

cally to  chest.    Fig.  24  (a). 


Fig.  24. 


28  GYMNASTIC   EXERCISES. 

Repeat  the  following  three  times : 

3.  First,  throw  right  hand  directly  in  front,  arm 

horizontal.     Fig.  8  (b). 

4.  Second,  swing  arm  to  the  right,  horizontally, 

as  far  as  possible,  without  moving  the  body. 
Fig.  24  (fr). 

5.  Third,    right    hand,   closed,    on    chest.     Fig. 

24  (a). 

Repeat  the  following  three  times : 

6.  First,  left  hand  thrown  directly  in  front,  arm 

horizontal.     Fig.  8  (b). 

7.  Second,  swing  left  arm  horizontally  to  the  left 

as  far  as  possible,  without  moving  body. 
Fig.  24  (c). 

8.  Third,  left  hand,  closed,  on  chest.     Fig.  24  (a). 

Repeat  the  following  three  times  : 

9.  First,  both  hands  directly  in  front,  arms  hori- 

zontal and  parallel.    Fig.  8  (b). 

10.  Second,  swing  both  arms  horizontally  as  far 

as  possible  without  moving  the  body ;  right 
arm  to  the  right,  left  to  the  left.  Fig.  24 
(b  and  c). 

11.  Third,   both   hands,    closed,   on   chest.     Fig, 

24  (a). 
Repeat,  alternately,  three  times  each  : 

12.  Right  hand  and  arm  as  in  3,  4,  and  5. 

13.  Left  hand  and  arm  as  in  6,  7,  and  8. 

14.  Position. 


AN  EXERCISE  IN  TRIPLE   MEASURE.  29 

The  preceding  exercise  may  be  varied  by  ad- 
vancing left  foot  instead  of  right ;  also  by  extend- 
ing arm  up  at  an  angle  of  45°  instead  of  horizon- 
tally. Pig.  24  (d  and  e). 


GYMNASTIC   EXERCISES. 


AN    EXERCISE 

FOR  ANY  TUNE  IN  DOUBLE  MEASURE. 

1.   Position,  except  feet  together  and  parallel. 

At  any  given  signal  the  pupil  will  advance 
right  foot  four  paces,  of  a  foot  each,  or  less 
if  necessary,  throwing  the  body  on  right 
foot ;  face  directly  over  the  foot  in  advance. 
2.  Fill  lungs,  and  throw  elbows  as  far  back  as  pos- 
sible, forearm  horizontal,  hands  tightly  closed. 
Fig.  25  (a). 


Fig.  25. 


AN  EXERCISE  IN  DOUBLE   MEASURE.  31 

Repeat  the  following  three  times  : 

3.  First,  throw  right  hand  directly  in  front,  arm 

horizontal.     Fig.  25  (b). 

4.  Second,  bring  right  hand  by  side,  forearm  hori- 

zontal.    Fig.  25  (a). 
Repeat  the  following  three  times : 

5.  First,  throw  left  hand  directly  in  front,  arm 

horizontal.     Fig.  25  (b). 

6.  Second,  bring  left  hand  by  side,  forearm  hori- 

zontal.    Fig.  25  (a). 
Repeat  the  following  three  times  : 

7.  First,  hands  together  in  front,  arms  horizontal 

and  parallel.    Fig.  25  (b). 

8.  Second,  hands  by  side,  forearm  horizontal.  Fig. 

25  (a). 

Repeat  alternately  three  times  each : 

9.  First,  throw  right  hand  as  in  3.    Fig.  25  (b). 

10.  Second,  bring  right  hand  as  in  4.   Fig.  25  (a). 

11.  First,  throw  left  hand  as  in  5.    Fig.  25  (b). 

12.  Second,  bring  left  hand  as  in  6.    Fig.  25  (a). 

Vary  the  exercise  by  advancing  left  foot,  throw 
hand  perpendicular,  Fig.  25  (d),  or  up  at  an  angle 
of  45°.  Fig.  25  (c). 


32  GYMNASTIC   EXERCISES. 


BREATHING    EXERCISE. 

1.  Inhale  and  exhale  the  breath  through  the  nose 

three  times  very  slowly,  without  raising  and 
lowering  the  shoulders. 

2.  Inhale  and  exhale  the  breath  through  the  nose 

three  times  rapidly. 

3.  Inflate  lungs  through  the  nose,  then  strike  right 

lung  rapidly  with  both  hands. 

4.  Inflate  lungs  through  the  nose,  then  strike  left 

lung  rapidly  with  both  hands. 

5.  Hands  on  hips,  inflate  lungs  as  much  as  possi- 

ble ;  emit  the  breath  with  the  utmost  slow- 
ness. 

6.  Draw  in  the  breath  as  in  No.  5,  and  expire  it 

audibly  through  the  mouth,  as  in  the  pro- 
longed sound  of  the  letter  K. 

7.  Inflate  the  lungs  as  in  No.  5,  then  force  the 

breath  through  the  mouth  in  the  manner  of 
an  abrupt  and  whispered  cough. 

8.  Fill  the  lungs  as  in  No.  5,  then  emit  the  breath 

as  quickly  as  possible,  as  in  giving  the  aspi- 
rated sound  of  the  letter  H. 

9.  Fill  lungs  through  the  mouth ;  force  the  breath 

through  the  nose. 


BREATHING   EXERCISE.  33 

10.  Breathe  as  rapidly  as  possible  through  the  nose, 

mouth  closed. 

11.  Breathe  through  the  mouth  as  rapidly  as  possi- 

ble, like  panting. 

12.  Inflate  lungs  to  their  utmost  capacity,  then,  at 

a  given  signal,  explode  the  sounds  of  the 
vowels.  Fill  lungs  before  each  sound. 

13.  After  fully  inflating  the  lungs,  give  the  radical, 

median,  vanishing,  compound,  thorough,  and 
tremulous  stress  of  each  vowel  sound.  Fill 
lungs  before  each  sound. 


2* 


34  GYMNASTIC  EXERCISES. 


EIGHT    POSITIONS 
FOR  ANALYZING  AND  SPELLING  WORDS. 

Stand  erect,  arms  folded,  the  word  to  be  distinctly 
pronounced  by  pupil  before  changing  position.  Let 
the  pupil  only  mention  the  letters  without  pro- 
nouncing syllables. 

1.  Elbows  thrown  violently  back  as  far  as  possible, 

forearm  horizontal.     Fig.  26  (a). 

2.  Throw  arms  horizontal  and  parallel  in  front. 

Pig.  26  (b). 

3.  Bend  arms  at  elbow,  forearm  perpendicular, 

upper  arm  horizontal.     Fig.  26  (c). 

4.  Arms  thrown  up  perpendicular.     Fig.  27  (a). 

5.  Hands  together  over  head.    Fig.  27.  (5). 

6.  Same  as  No.  1. 

7.  Hands  thrown  down  by  side  as  far  as  possible 

without  lowering  shoulders.     Fig.  2  (a). 

8.  Arms  folded. 

These  positions  to  be  repeated  to  correspond  to 
the  number  of  letters  or  sounds  required. 

The  sounds  of  the  vowels  and  alphabet,  the  analy- 
sis and  spelling  of  long  words,  the  musical  scale  with 


POSITIONS  FOR   SPELLING  WORDS. 


35 


Fig.  26.  Fig.  27. 

one,  two,  or  more  sounds  to  each  position,  may  be 
given ;  also,  the  humming  and  singing  of  tunes, 
repeating  long  lists  of  words,  such  as  lists  of  prepo- 
sitions and  conjunctions,  battles  of  the  Eevolution, 
Kings  of  England,  rivers,  capes,  bays,  &c.,  &c.  In 
analyzing  words,  pronounce  the  syllables. 

123456781234567        8 

1.  a,   a,   a,   a,   e,   e,   I,  i,   o,   o,   o,   u,   u,   u,   oi,   ou. 

12       34567812345       6       78 

2.  do,  re,  me,  fa,  sol,  la,  si,  do,  do,  si,  la,  sol,  fa,  me,  re,  do. 

12  3  4  5  678 

3.  do,  do,  re,  re,  me,  me,  fa,  fa,  sol,  sol,  la  la,  si,  si,  do,  do. 

l  2 

4.  do  do  do,     re  re  re,   &c. 


86  GYMNASTIC   EXERCISES. 

12345678  12346678 

Occasion.       Monument. 

1234567812346678 

Perpendicularity. 

1     234667812345678 

Enthusiastically. 

Another  very  agreeable  and  useful  exercise  for 
the  vocal  organs  is  the  repetition  of  the  vowel  sounds 
with  positions,  so  that  the  first  and  each  alternate 
sound  shall  be  accented,  and  each  accented  sound 
dwelt  upon  as  long  as  two  unaccented,  the  positions 
made  to  conform  to  the  time  and  accentuation  of 
each  vowel. 

123      456     781     284    667    812345    678 

1.  a  &  «    a  a  a    a  a  a    &Saeeeee'eIizii£'&c. 

1234667812345678123 

hard  soft  hard  soft 

2.  a,  a,  a,  a,  b,   c,   c,   d,  e,  g,  f,  f,   g,   g,   h,  I,  i,  j,  k, 

4567812345678123466 
1,  m,  n,  6,  6,  6,  p,  q,  r,  s,  t,  u,  fi,  u,  v,  w,  x,  y,  z. 


FEET   POSITIONS.  37 


FEET    POSITIONS 
ADAPTED   TO  ANY  TUNE  OF  EVEN  MEASURE. 

Stand  erect  with  hands  on  hips. 

1.  Advance  right  foot  three  feet  and  back,  two, 

four,  or  any  even  number  of  times,  left  foot 
remaining  unmoved. 

2.  Place  right  foot  sidewise  three  feet,  same  num- 

ber of  times  as  in  No.  1. 

3.  Place  right  foot  behind  three  feet,  same  number 

of  times  as  in  No.  1. 

4.  Place  right  foot  behind  and  across  the  left  leg 

as  far  as  possible,  same  number  of  times  as  in 
No.  1. 

5.  Place  right  foot  before  and  across  the  left  leg  as 

far  as  possible,  same  number  of  times  as  in 
No.  1. 

Do  the  same  with  left  foot,  then  perform  each 
position  with  right  and  left  foot  alternately. 


38  GYMNASTIC   EXERCISES. 


AN    EXERCISE 

ADAPTED   TO   TUNE   "HAIL   COLUMBIA." 

1.  Stand  in  position,  except  arms  folded. 

2.  First  measure,  exhale  the  breath  through  the 

nose. 

3.  Second  measure,  inhale  the  breath  through  the 

nose. 

4.  First  half  of  third  measure,  throw*  elbows  back 

as  far  as  possible,  forearms  horizontal.     Fig. 
8  (a). 

5.  Last  half  of  third  measure,  throw  arms  in  front, 

horizontal  and  parallel.     Fig.  8  (b). 

6.  Fourth  measure,  same  positions  as  for  third 

measure.     Fig.  8  (a  and  b). 

7.  Fifth  and   sixth  measures,  same  as  first  and 

second. 

8.  Seventh  and  eighth  measures,  same  as  third 

and  fourth. 

9.  Ninth  and  tenth  measures,  same  as  first  and 

second. 

10.  Eleventh  and  twelfth  measures,  strike  left  lung 
with  right  hand  four  times,  swinging  arm  at 
shoulder. 


AN  EXERCISE  ADAPTED   TO   "HAIL  COLUMBIA."       39 

11.  Thirteenth  and  fourteenth  measures,  same  as 

first  and  second. 

12.  Fifteenth  and  sixteenth  measures,  strike  right 

lung  with  left  hand  four  times,  swinging  arm 
at  shoulder. 

13.  Seventeenth  and  eighteenth  measures,  same  as 

first  and  second. 

14.  Nineteenth  and  twentieth  measures,  strike  both 

lungs  with  both  hands  four  times,  swinging 
arms  at  shoulders. 

15.  Twenty-first  and  twenty-second  measures,  same 

as  first  and  second. 

16.  Twenty-third  and  twenty-fourth  measures,  strike 

lungs  with  hands  alternately  two  times  each, 
swinging  arms  at  shoulders. 

17.  Twenty-fifth  and  twenty-sixth  measures,  same 

as  first  and  second. 

18.  Twenty-seventh  and  twenty-eighth  measures, 

strike    chest   rapidly,   as    indicated   by   the 
rhythm  of  the  tune. 


GYMNASTIC   EXERCISES. 


AN    EXERCISE 
ADAPTED   TO  TUNE   "MARCHING  ALONG." 

1.  Stand  in  "  Position."     Fig.  1. 

2.  Strike  hands  together  once,  directly  in.  front, 

arms  horizontal. 

3.  Bring  closed  hands  to  chest.     Fig.  28  (d). 


Fig.  28. 


4.   Throw  hands  in   front;  arms  horizontal  and 
parallel. 


AN  EXERCISE  ADAPTED  TO  "  MARCHING  ALONG."     41 

5.  Strike  hands  together  once. 

6.  Swing  hands  horizontally  as  far  as  possible; 

right  hand  to  the  right,  left,  to  the  left ;  keep 
arms  straight  at  elbows.  Pig.  28  (c). 

7.  Strike  hands  together  once,  directly  in  front. 

8.  Bring  closed  hands  to  chest.     Fig.  28  (d). 

9.  Throw  arms  perpendicularly.     Fig.  28  (b). 

10.  Strike  hands  together  over  head  once. 

11.  Bring  closed  hands  to  chest.    Fig.  28  (d). 

12.  Throw  hands  in  front;  arms  horizontal  and 

parallel. 

13.  Strike  hands  together  once. 

14.  Hands  by  side.     Fig.  28  (a). 

15.  Strike  hands  together  twice,  directly  in  front ; 

arms  horizontal. 

16.  Bring  closed  hands  from  No.  15  to  chest,  twice. 

Fig.  28  (d). 

17.  Throw  hands  directly  in  front  from  No.  16, 

twice ;  arms  horizontal  and  parallel. 

18.  Strike  hands  together  twice. 

19.  Swing  hands  horizontally  as  far  as  possible,  and 

back  to  No.  17,  twice ;  right  hand  to  the 
right,  left,  to  the  left;  keeping  arm  straight 
at  elbow.  Fig.  28  (c). 

20.  Bring  closed  hands  from  No.  19  to  the  chest, 

twice. 

21.  Throw  arms  from  No.  20  perpendicularly,  twice. 

Fig.  28  (b). 

22.  Strike  hands  together  over  head,  twice. 


42  GYMNASTIC   EXERCISES. 

23.  Bring  closed  hands  to  chest  from  No.  22,  twice. 

Fig.  28  (d). 

24.  Throw  hands  directly  in  front  from  No.  23, 

twice. 

25.  Strike  hands  together,  twice. 

26.  Bring  closed  hands  to  chest  from  No.  24,  twice. 

Fig.  28  (d). 

27.  Hands  by  side.    Fig.  28  (a). 

28.  Strike  hands  together  in  front  three  times ;  arms 

horizontal. 

29.  Bring  closed  hands  to  the  chest  from  No.  28, 

three  times.    Fig.  28  (d). 

30.  Throw  hands  directly  in   front  from  No.  29, 

three  times ;  arms  horizontal  and  parallel. 

31.  Strike  hands  together,  three  times. 

32.  Swing  hands  horizontally  as  far  as  possible,  and 

back  to  No.  30,  three  times  ;  right  hand  to 
the  right,  left,  to  the  left ;  keep  arm  straight 
at  elbow.  Fig.  28  (c). 

33.  Bring  closed  hands  to  the  chest  from  No.  32, 

three  times.    Fig.  28  (d). 

34.  Throw  arm  perpendicularly  from  No.  33,  three 

times.     Fig.  28  (b). 

35.  Strike  hands  together  over  head,  three  times. 

36.  Bring  closed  hands  to  chest  from  No.  35,  three 

times.     Fig.  28  (d). 

37.  Throw  hands  directly  in  front  from  No.  36, 

three  times ;  arms  horizontal  and  parallel. 

38.  Strike  hands  together,  three  times. 


AN  EXERCISE  ADAPTED  TO  "  MARCHING  ALONG-"       43 

39.  Bring  closed  hands  to  the  chest  from  No.  37, 

three  times.     Pig.  28  (d). 

40.  Hands  by  side.     Fig.  28  (a). 

This  exercise  may  be  extended  indefinitely,  as 
indicated  in  the  description. 


41 


GYMNASTIC   EXERCISES. 


AN    EXERCISE 


FOR    FEET    AND    LEGS. 


1.  Stand  erect  with  hands  on  hips. 

2.  Raise  right  leg  as  shown  by  Fig.  29  (a). 


Fig.  29. 


3.  Straighten  right  leg  at  knee.     Fig.  29  (b). 

4.  Place  right  leg  as  in  No.  2.     Fig.  29  (a). 

5.  Place  right  foot  and  leg  as  in  No.  1. 

Repeat  the  preceding  three  times. 


AN  EXERCISE  FOB  FEET  AND  LEGS. 


45 


6.  Same  as  in  No.  1. 

7.  Eaise  the  left  leg  same  as  the  right,  in  No.  2. 

Fig.  29  (a). 

8.  Straighten  the  left  leg  same  as  the  right,  in 

No.  3.    Fig.  29  (b). 

9.  Place  left  leg  as  in  No.  7.    Fig.  29  (a). 

10.  Place  left  leg  as  in  No.  6. 

Repeat  the  preceding  three  times. 

11.  Same  as  in  No.  1. 

12.  Raise  the  right  knee  as  high  as  the  hip.   Fig. 

30  (a). 


Fig.  30. 


13.  Throw  the  right  leg  backwards. 

14.  Place  the  right  leg  as  in  No.  12. 


Fig.  30  (b). 
Fig.  30  (a). 


46 


GYMNASTIC   EXERCISES. 


15.  Place  right  foot  as  in  No.  11. 

Repeat  three  times. 

16.  Same  as  in  No.  11. 

17.  Raise  left  leg  same  as  the  right,  in  No.  12. 

Fig.  30  (a). 

18.  Throw  left  leg  backwards  same  as  the  right,  in 

No.  13.    Fig.  30  (b). 

19.  Place  left  leg  as  in  No.  17.     Fig.  30  (a). 

20.  Place  left  foot  same  as  in  No.  16. 

21.  Raise  the  right  leg  three  times  as  in  Fig.  31. 


Fig.  31.  Fig.  32. 

22.  Raise  the  left  leg  three  times  same  as  the  right, 

in  No.  21.     Fig.  31. 

23.  Raise   the  right  leg  three  times,   as  in  Fig. 

32. 


AN  EXERCISE  FOR  FEET  AND  LEGS.       47 

24.   Eaise  the  left  leg  three  times,  same  as  the  right, 
in  No.  23.     Fig.  32. 

In  this  exercise  let  the  head  be  held  erect  and 
the  body  as  immovable  as  possible. 


THE   END. 


Cambridge  :  Stereotyped  and  Printed  by  Welch,  Bigelow,  &  Co. 


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Tables 


Dowal's    Germ  tn   Grammar 
Rioliard^'s   J^utlia   JLessona      .  .. 

Common    School    Grammar      By  i 

Elements    of  English    Grammar;   or    F.KST 

i^,   LX^NGUAGE.     By  D.  Ii.  TOWER  and  B.  F.  TWET:D 
Gradnal  Lessons  in  English  Grammar.     By  TOWER 


Grammar  of  Composition.     By  TOWER  r.id  TV,  BED    . 

The  Gradual  &pe?ler. 

Intellectual    Algebra      .....  . 

Wil$oi.*s  Treatise   on   Punctuation 
Elements   of  Map-Dravring       ..... 

Gleanings   from  the   Poetf    .        .        .        ... 

.  ttalj  ?i*  of  the  Greek  Verb.    By  PROF.  HENSHAW 


.80 
1.00 
1.25 

.38 
.75 
1.25 
.62 
.45 

.25 

.56 
.67 
.17 
.42 

1.00 
.28 

1.00 
.63 


